Inspectors of traffic police, who compile protocols on administrative offences, rarely come to court. Judges do not always call up even witnesses, despite the fact that the "accusation" can be based only on their testimony. In one of such cases, a protocol and a medical certificate were enough for two instances to be sure of the guilt of the driver. However, the Supreme Court threw it into question and drew attention to the weak evidence base.
Before finding a person guilty, the court must study all evidence publicly in order to procure adversariality of the process. The defendant must have the opportunity to challenge the testimony of the witness and to conduct an interrogation.